Wetlands: Nature’s Undervalued SuperheroesWetlands: Nature’s Undervalued Superheroes

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By: Kristina Swerhun

“I don’t understand why when we destroy something created by man, we call it vandalism, but when we destroy something created by nature, we call it progress.”― Ed Begley Jr.

From the outset and as indicated in Whistler’s first Official Community Plan, the Resort Municipality of Whistler (RMOW) intended to protect nature. However, it’s difficult to build a resort municipality without impacting nature and, unfortunately, wetlands are located exactly where the RMOW and developers wanted to build—the flat valley bottom. 

The River of Golden Dreams wetlands with Nicklaus North Golf Course on the left and Alta Lake in the background. 
(Photo credit: Diamond Head Consulting)

Biodiversity is the foundation of healthy, functioning ecosystems upon which all life depends. Wetlands are vital to biodiversity, and not just to the many species that can survive nowhere else. Wetlands also benefit humans by purifying water, protecting against floods and drought, recharging aquifers, and acting as effective wildfire barriers—roles that are increasingly important as the climate changes.  

Whistler’s wetland history

In 2007, wetland loss was the subject of a Simon Fraser University (SFU) study that compared aerial photos of Whistler taken in 1946 and 2003. Researchers found that Whistler’s wetlands decreased by 72%. Note that the study area extended south of Whistler to Daisy Lake, and doesn’t contain earlier and more recent losses, including when the new BC Transit station was built on a wetland near Nesters ahead of the 2010 Olympic and Paralympic Winter Games.

According to the SFU study, Whistler’s largest wetland area today—which follows the River of Golden Dreams—used to be two to three times its current size. Within this corridor, roughly half of the wetlands were lost to residential development, while the other half were lost to the Whistler Golf Course (1983) and Nicklaus North Golf Course (1996). 

There’s some good news, too. Before Nicklaus North GC opened, 650 people attended a public hearing over concerns about wetlands. This support and advocacy by the then-nascent Association of Whistler Area Residents for the Environment (AWARE) and others saved 28 hectares (70 acres) of wetland from being filled in by the golf course. Also, the River of Golden Dreams corridor now has protected areas along its length, which is the subject of next week’s article. 

Beavers for the win

The health of wetlands is directly tied to the presence of beavers; one cannot thrive without the other. The 1935 Mammals of the Alta Lake Region report states that “the beaver has been completely trapped out in the district for over 20 years.” Even after the demand for fur stopped, beavers were affected by development and loss of their wetland habitat. Despite these challenges, beavers have been on the road to recovery. In 2024, researcher Bob Brett documented 60 inhabited beaver lodges and estimated that 300-350 beavers live in Whistler. This example of nature’s resilience shows us that recovery is possible, provided we offer life the opportunity to return.

Mammals of the Alta Lake Region 1935.

A community-wide effort is essential for protecting Whistler’s remaining wetlands. In 2024, the RMOW developed the Priority Habitat Framework, a plan to help protect Whistler’s most important natural habitat, including wetlands. Another way to protect nature is through grassroots advocacy. When community members speak up about their concerns and show they care for nature, it not only raises awareness—it also fosters hope and inspires others to take action.

Whistler’s Answers: December 4, 1986Whistler’s Answers: December 4, 1986

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In the 1980s the Whistler Question began posing a question to three to six people and publishing their responses under “Whistler’s Answers” (not to be confused with the Whistler Answer).  Each week, we’ll be sharing one question and the answers given back in 1986.  Please note, all names/answers/occupations/neighbourhoods represent information given to the Question at the time of publishing and do not necessarily reflect the person today.

Some context for this week’s question: The IWA (International Woodworkers of America-Canada) began job actions on June 19, 1986 after negotiations between the union and employers at that year’s Wages and Contract Conference deteriorated, largely over employers’ use of non-union contractors. The strike grew over the following months and many loggers and others in the forestry industry worked only a few days during a period of selective strikes. The strike ended on December 5 and was settled on the IWA’s terms.

Question: How is the IWA strike affecting you?

John Fryer – Potter/Merchant – Britannia Beach

I own a little gift and pottery shop, and it’s definitely showing up on my take. It’s way down, about 30 per cent. And I estimated I would be up about 20 per cent this year, so I’m down about 50 per cent from my projections. I guess it’s because people are spending what little they have on essentials.

Brian Head – Boom Boat Driver – Squamish

I worked three days back in August, driving piles for a new log dump. Right now I’m trying to find out where I’m going to get money from to pay the Hydro, telephone and rent. I sold my house, just before I lost it. It was like a fire sale, I didn’t get anything for it. I can’t afford insurance or repairs for my truck, and I couldn’t afford gas anyways, so I’m just walking. You tread water as fast as you can, but you just keep going down.

Lou Mckay – Faller/Cafe Owner – Squamish

I’m a logger and my four sons are loggers. The five of us had just got a contract together with MacMillan Bloedel when they had to shut down. I would have been working 2 1/2 months, instead of the six days we did work. I have this business. My sons have been working for a contractor in the Pemberton area. They’re lucky.

Time for Tea (treats, tales … and a tow rope!)Time for Tea (treats, tales … and a tow rope!)

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Enjoying a cup of tea is a sanctified ritual for many… and Whistler’s past is steeped in its own lore and tradition with two pioneering tea houses (both with a twist!).

Before the advent of Whistler Mountain being developed as a ski destination (officially opened in January 1966), many early residents of the area predominantly lived on the opposite shores of Alta Lake. The Pacific Great Eastern railway line began running lakeside in 1914 and Rainbow Lodge, the first vacation destination, opened in 1915 as a fishing resort. 

Harrop’s Tea Room on Alta Lake, circa 1930.

In the 1920s, Bert Harrop purchased the point of land in the middle of the west side of Alta Lake. He had originally come to the area as a guest of Rainbow Lodge, whereupon his asthma improved greatly during his short stay. Enamored with the place, he and his wife Agnes first moved into a rented cabin and then into their own home – which Bert framed on the shores of Rainbow Lodge (with the help of the proprietor’s father) and floated it on a raft of cedar logs down to his new piece of land. It was secured to the shore and became a floating cottage. 

On the water’s edge, Bert built a building with a large porch which was supported by log piles in the lake. Harrop’s Tearoom was born and Agnes went into business.

Every summer, Betty Jane and Claudia visited the Harrop’s tearoom where they had a floating cottage right on Alta Lake.

Guests, made up of visitors and locals alike, would, arguably, come more for the gossip than the tea… and the fortune telling. Agnes had a designated indoor tea-leaf reading room (the accuracy or aftermath of her predictions remain undocumented!), infusing the experience and take-away of customers. Outside, people would gather on the floating verandah, enjoying afternoon tea amidst expansive views.

The Harrops Tearoom came to an end in 1948, when the couple sold the venture and moved on.

Six years later, in 1955, a new tearoom opened in Cypress Lodge (the site of the current Point Artist-Run-Centre). The lodge was built by Richard (Dick) Fairhurst, in the late forties/early fifties as a fishing camp. The buildings boasted electricity supplied by a generator and then later were powered by waterwheel, a novelty at the time. 

Dick’s mother, Elizabeth Alice, came up from Vancouver to run the tearoom. Noted as being a ‘colourful character’, Ma Fairhurst was equally famous for her beloved butter tarts. Besides baking, Elizabeth Alice cleaned the cabins, did the laundry and took care of the cooking for guests, while Dick was either tending his traplines in the Spearhead Range or logging with one of the nearby operations. 

A trademark of the tearoom was its ‘Hot Dog Friday Night’ which gathered many. Friday was synonymous with the once-weekly delivery of fresh food and meat by refrigerated train car to the community, and the occasion was worthy of celebration. 

Cypress Lodge also boasted the first tow-rope in the area. Built in 1960, a Ford V8 motor was used to pull 259 metres worth of rope through four pulleys affixed to four towers. The first downhill-only ski course in Whistler had been created on the slope directly behind the camp of cabins. Guests could come in from skiing for something sweet or grab tea and then go for a tow!

The Cypress Lodge tearoom closed 7 years after its inception, in 1962 to make room for more buildings, much to the dismay of the community.

Cypress Lodge as seen from the lake. Fairhurst Collection.

In the still-standing, main building of the original Cypress Lodge, the tradition of meeting over tea and treats, is being continued by the Point Artist-Run-Centre with its weekend Creative Café (www.thepointartists.com) … where, undoubtedly, here too, a few gems of local gossip get shared in fine, long-standing community fashion!

Whistler’s Answers: November 27, 1986Whistler’s Answers: November 27, 1986

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In the 1980s the Whistler Question began posing a question to three to six people and publishing their responses under “Whistler’s Answers” (not to be confused with the Whistler Answer).  Each week, we’ll be sharing one question and the answers given back in 1986.  Please note, all names/answers/occupations/neighbourhoods represent information given to the Question at the time of publishing and do not necessarily reflect the person today.

Some context for this week’s question: In November 1986, BC Place Ltd. presented three options for the long-term development of Lands North (today Village North) to the public at a public engagement event in the Conference Centre. At the time, BC Place Ltd. owned most of the land slated for development, apart from the section owned by the school district where Myrtle Philip School was located.

Question: What do you think of the three options for Lands North?

Geoff Power – Businessman – Alpine Meadows

None of the options really address the integration of locals, cabin-based and tourists. If you believe the three groups should mix, then you don’t put all the convenience parking in one part of Lands North, you spread it around town. Each option separates the local retail from the tourist-oriented shops. The important thing is that locals and tourists have a chance to mix. The beauty of what we’ve got here is the integration of locals and tourists.

Al Raine – Businessman – Brio

It’s not simply three options, it’s a little bit of each. They really made a mistake just asking people which option they want. But it was a wonderful exercise in stimulating people into thinking about what is possible, and we have an opportunity to go away and think about it. When we get into more detailed planning, we’ll have a better sense of what’s possible. I think there are some options they left out that hopefully will be explored.

Jon Paine – Building Consultant – Tapley’s Farm

As far as a preference, I prefer a combination between two and three. I’m quite excited about the whole thing. The expansion is looking very good and I’m impressed with Norm Hotson’s presentation of the options. My big concern with any of them would be that they don’t deal with convenience parking for the existing village. There’s a danger this could turn into tourist shops, bars and restaurants, and you would lose the mix of locals and tourists essential for a good resort experience.